India is expanding its scientific engagement with the oceans, with ambitious deep sea missions and a growing focus on understanding and protecting marine biodiversity. India’s vast coastline and the importance of the Indian Ocean make ocean science a national priority.
Deep Ocean Mission
India’s Deep Ocean Mission is an ambitious programme to explore the deep sea for scientific knowledge and mineral resources. The mission involves developing a manned submersible capable of reaching depths of 6,000 metres, far deeper than any current Indian capability.
Polymetallic Nodules
One of the practical objectives of India’s deep sea exploration is the survey and eventual potential exploitation of polymetallic nodules — mineral-rich deposits on the ocean floor that contain nickel, cobalt, copper, and manganese. These minerals are critical for battery technology and the energy transition.
Marine Biodiversity
India’s marine ecosystems, including coral reefs in the Gulf of Mannar and Lakshadweep, mangroves along the coast, and open ocean areas, are extraordinarily rich in biodiversity. Research programs are documenting this biodiversity and studying the impact of climate change and pollution.
Ocean as Carbon Sink
Oceans absorb a significant proportion of the carbon dioxide emitted by human activities. Understanding how this absorption works and its limits is crucial for climate science.
Conclusion
India’s ocean science programmes are expanding knowledge of one of our planet’s least understood environments. The oceans are crucial for climate, food security, and mineral resources. Newslia covers India’s scientific programmes.